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Construction Duration and Cost Simulation via Network-Program-Diagram

Wei-dong Wang,Jie Wu,Kai-jun Wang,Xin Wen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第2期页码 210-217 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014028

摘要： This paper outlines the creation of a simulation model used to extrapolate duration and resource requirements needed for the construction of bridges based on a sampling of data obtained during a field research conducted on the construction process of a single bridge. A sampling of statistical data was taken during a field investigation to measure schedule and resource requirements (labor, raw materials and machinery) at various stages of a bridge construction project. This data was used to identify the probability distribution and the associated parameters for the project examined, and a simulation model was built to extrapolate the necessary schedule and resource requirements needed for various stages of similar bridge projects based on Three-Point Estimation Method of Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) and Monte Carlo Method. This simulation model’s resultant data for every process in an applicable construction project can be aggregated to form overall project duration and resource requirement statistical distribution using the Critical Path Method (CPM). The whole construction process will be visualized by a 4-dimensional (4D) model of the project which is created by appending time and resource requirements and to the 3-dimensional (3D) model that is built using the Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Alternativa 3D technology. Based on the simulation results of every procedure’s duration and resource requirements, the Network Program Diagram and Gantt Chart can be drawn with Flex and ActionScript language. Furthermore, with the Network Program Diagram at the core, the 4D model can incorporate simulation’s resultant data with respect to total time and cost of the project to show the condition of resource requirements and the project’s progressing at any time.

关键词： construction duration construction cost activity-on-node diagram building information modeling

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Effects of vitrification and cryostorage duration on single-cell RNA-Seq profiling of vitrified-thawed

Ying Huo, Peng Yuan, Qingyuan Qin, Zhiqiang Yan, Liying Yan, Ping Liu, Rong Li, Jie Yan, Jie Qiao

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 144-154 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0792-7

摘要： Oocyte cryopreservation is widely used for clinical and social reasons. Previous studies have demonstrated that conventional slow-freezing cryopreservation procedures, but not storage time, can alter the gene expression profiles of frozen oocytes. Whether vitrification procedures and the related frozen storage durations have any effects on the transcriptomes of human metaphase II oocytes remain unknown. Four women (30–32 years old) who had undergone IVF treatment were recruited for this study. RNA-Seq profiles of 3 fresh oocytes and 13 surviving vitrified-thawed oocytes (3, 3, 4, and 3 oocytes were cryostored for 1, 2, 3, and 12 months) were analyzed at a single-cell resolution. A total of 1987 genes were differentially expressed in the 13 vitrified-thawed oocytes. However, no differentially expressed genes were found between any two groups among the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 12-month storage groups. Further analysis revealed that the aberrant genes in the vitrified oocytes were closely related to oogenesis and development. Our findings indicated that the effects of vitrification on the transcriptomes of mature human oocytes are induced by the procedure itself, suggesting that long-term cryostorage of human oocytes is safe.

关键词： human metaphase II oocyte vitrification cryostorage duration single-cell RNA-Seq lncRNA

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基于工期可控性的网络进度计划仿真评价方法研究

潘菲菲,王仁超,曹永雷

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第1期页码 143-150

摘要：

针对工程建设过程中常常通过资源重新配置或提高资源利用率来应对风险事件可能引起工期延迟的问题，提出了基于工期可控性的网络进度计划随机仿真评价方法，以资源配置和利用裕度作为活动的可控性衡量指标，同时考虑了风险事件发生时间不同导致的风险应对措施的可实施性不同的问题，通过对各个风险事件发生时间及其引起的活动持续时间延误、风险应对效果等进行随机仿真，从而对整个项目的工期分布进行模拟，评价编制的网络进度计划的合理性。算例表明：相对于传统的基于工期和基于因素的Monte-Carlo仿真评价方法，基于工期可控性的仿真评价方法得到的结果更为合理。

关键词：网络进度计划；随机仿真；风险应对；工期可控性；评价

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项目进度管理中基于挣值的随机工期分析 Review

Fernando Acebes, David Poza, José Manuel González-Varona, Adolfo López-Paredes

《工程（英文）》 2022年第9卷第2期页码 148-162 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.019

摘要：

挣值工期管理（EDM）是一种用于项目进度管理（PSM）的研究方法，当无法使用挣值管理（EVM）时，可以考虑这种方法。挣值工期管理用于估算进度偏差和最终项目工期。挣值工期管理和挣值管理的关键区别在于：在挣值工期管理中，用工作周期表示活动的值；而在挣值管理中，用成本表示活动的值。本文将展示如何使用挣值工期管理监控随机项目。为便于解释该方法，本文通过实例分析对呈现出高度不确定性的项目开展研究，项目中的各项活动采用随机工期。根据这些活动的网络拓扑分析该方法的可用性，并比较了挣值管理和挣值进度分析法（ESM）对项目进度管理的作用。

关键词：挣值工期管理挣值管理随机项目控制工期预测不确定性

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Combustion and emissions of the diesel engine using bio-diesel fuel

YUAN Yinnan, MEI Deqing, WANG Zhong, ZHANG Tian

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第2期页码 189-192 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0021-6

摘要： The combustion and heat release of engines using diesel fuel and bio-diesel fuel have been investigated. The results illustrate that the combustion happens in advance and the ignition delay period is shortened. The initial heat release peak declines a little, the corresponding crankshaft angle changes in advance, and the combustion duration is prolonged. The economic performance and emission features of diesel engines using diesel fuel and bio-diesel fuel are compared. The results also show that the specific fuel consumption of bio-diesel increases by about 12% .The emissions, such as CO, HC, and particulate matter decrease remarkably whereas NO increases a little.

关键词： advance combustion consumption economic performance combustion duration

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Combustion analysis of a hydrogen-diesel fuel operated DI diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation

M. LOGANATHAN, A. VELMURUGAN, TOM PAGE, E. JAMES GUNASEKARAN, P. TAMILARASAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 568-574 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0461-y

摘要： The rapid depletion of fossil fuel and growing demand necessitates researchers to find alternative fuels which are clean and sustainable. The need for finding renewable, low cost and environmentally friendly fuel resources can never be understated. An efficient method of generation and storage of hydrogen will enable automotive manufacturers to introduce hydrogen fuelled engine in the market. In this paper, a conventional DI diesel engine was modified to operate as gas engine. The intake manifold of the engine was supplied with hydrogen along with recirculated exhaust gas and air. The injection rates of hydrogen were maintained at three levels with 2 L/min, 4 L/min, 6 L/min and 8 L/min and 10 L/min with an injection pressure of 2 bar. Many of the combustion parameters like heat release rate (HRR), ignition delay, combustion duration, rate of pressure rise (ROPR), cumulative heat release rate (CHR), and cyclic pressure fluctuations were measured. The HRR peak pressure decreased with the increase in EGR rate, while combustion duration increased with the EGR rate. The cyclic pressure variation also increased with the increase in EGR rate.

关键词： hydrogen exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) diesel combustion heat release rate (HRR) combustion duration

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Analyzing sustainability of construction equipment in the state of California

Hakob AVETISYAN, Miroslaw SKIBNIEWSKI, Mohammad MOZAFFARPOUR

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 138-145 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017013

摘要： Construction equipment encompasses highly polluting machines adversely affecting the environment. Management tools are necessary for sustainability assessment of construction equipment fleets to allow contractors to reduce their emissions and comply with local or federal regulations. In addition to management tools, there is a need for a metrics that will allow companies to accurately assess the sustainability of their construction equipment fleets. The State of California USA is adopting innovative approaches to reduce adverse impact of humans on the environment. Once successfully implemented, the chances are that such practices attract other states to adopt similar approaches. This paper presents an evaluation of construction equipment fleets and data analysis. When measured and recorded, such results can be used along with decision-support tools for selection and utilization of construction equipment. The metrics for construction equipment evaluation as well as the tool for sustainable decision-making are developed based on readily available data from manufacturers or maintenance shops without a need for additional effort by contractors or government agencies for their adoption. The metrics developed and the decision support tool incorporate logical strategies of supply chain management for optimal selection of construction equipment for construction site while taking into account the availability, cost, and mobilization related constraints. The metrics and the model can benefit both the government agencies responsible for inspection of fleets and owners of construction companies in their decision-making processes related to environmental sustainability.

关键词： Construction equipment greenhouse gas emissions sustainability index sustainable construction

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Is servitization of construction the inevitable choice of Internet Plus construction?

Hongwei WANG, Dian LIU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 229-230 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017104

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A review of metro construction in China: Organization, market, cost, safety and schedule

Lieyun DING, Jie XU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第1期页码 4-19 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017015

摘要： China is now in an era of large-scale metro construction. This paper reviews the nature of Chinese metro engineering with a specific focus on its organization and market mode, cost structure, safety control and schedule management. Then, an examination on recent research in metro engineering of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) is also conducted, which indicates that information and automation based technologies are increasingly used in practice.

关键词： metro engineering construction status construction challenges NSFC

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Smart construction site in mega construction projects: A case study on island tunneling project of Hong

Hongtao ZHOU, Hongwei WANG, Wei ZENG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 78-87 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018075

摘要： The construction sites of mega construction projects (MCP) often have numerous participants with interfacing work within a highly complex system. It is critical how to realize collaborative work and information sharing among such participants. The information and communication technologies (ICTs) provides a technical guarantee for solving this problem. Existing research has been achieved the partial processes digitization of construction site, but certain problems still exist: 1)information perception of the construction site is passive. 2) common collaboration and coordination problems in the construction industry have not been addressed. The emerging trends of ICTs have resulted in the integration of various computer technologies such as CPS, BIM, big data, and cloud computing into construction process, which would changes behavioral and management mode of construction sites. These new ICTs have been applied successfully in MCP, in particular, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project. A new management mode of construction sites is inspired by these case. In this paper, a new management mode of construction site for MCP has been proposed, namely, smart construction site. The ultimate goal of smart construction site is to accomplish safe, efficient and high-quality construction. This study put forward the conceptual framework for smart construction site, and have identified three key elements of smart construction site, including information support platform, collaboration work, and intelligent construction management. A case study on Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project work as an evidence to support the practicability of the proposed mode. Significant contributions of this study is to propose a new management mode for MCP in construction industry, which would enrich the body of knowledge or the construction management community. Future research should be dedicated to further explore the potential of smart construction site in MCP management.

关键词： mega construction projects smart construction site information perception collaborative work intelligent construction management information and communication technologies

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Risks of modular integrated construction: A review and future research directions

Ibrahim Yahaya WUNI, Geoffrey Qiping SHEN, Bon-Gang HWANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 63-80 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0059-7

摘要： Stakeholders remain skeptical in adopting modular integrated construction (MiC) because of the associated risks and uncertainties, although its benefits have been extensively documented. The unique business model of MiC nurtures several risks and uncertainties different from those of the conventional construction approach. Despite the growing attention on MiC with its market expansion, no systematic evaluation is in place to monitor its risks research progress. Accordingly, this research reviewed published literature addressing the risks associated with MiC from 1992 to 2019. Analysis reveals that the research publications on risks of MiC witnessed a steady growth, with considerable progress occurring in the last decade. Result implies that the risk of MiC has gained extra attention in the construction engineering and management domain in recent times. Existing empirical studies have focused heavily on perceived implementation risks, supply chain risks, schedule risks, investment risks, structural risks, ergonomic risks, and MiC risk management strategies, which indicate that MiC is associated with a host of risk events. The research further identified the critical risk events (CREs) in the application of MiC based on frequency of occurrence. The identified CREs contributes to the checklists of risk events in the implementation of offsite construction (OSC). The latter may be useful in risk planning, especially where the MiC is less developed, and fewer or no bespoke risk assessment exists. Research gaps in existing studies are highlighted in this research, and areas for further studies are then proposed. Thus, it makes a useful contribution to the scholarly literature on the risk of OSC and may prove useful to offsite construction researchers, industry practitioners, and project managers.

关键词： modular integrated construction off-site construction risk events review

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Situational Awareness in Construction and Facility Management

Burcu Akinci

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第3期页码 283-289 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014037

摘要： Engineers and managers involved in construction and facility/infrastructure operations need situational awareness about the as-is conditions when making daily decisions and developing short- and long-term plans. Yet, currently situational awareness of engineers is often challenged due to missing data and the available data not being in a format that is easily accessible and actionable. Advances in reality capture technologies, such as 3-dimensional (3D) imaging, in-situ sensing, equipment on-board instrumentation and electronic tagging, streamline the capturing of the as-is conditions on job sites. The data collected from these technologies, integrated with building information models depicting the as-planned conditions, can help in creating and storing the history of as-is conditions of a facility to support a variety of decisions that engineers and managers need to make. While the opportunities associated with integrating building information models and data capture technologies are compelling, several challenges need to be addressed through research for effective usage of these technologies. Such challenges include assessing the accuracy of the data collected at the field, developing and evaluating data processing and data fusion approaches, formalizing integrated representation of building information models and sensor and other relevant data, and investigating and developing approaches for analyzing and visualizing such integrated information models. This paper provides examples of recent research studies done at the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at Carnegie Mellon University that demonstrate opportunities associated with integrating building information models and sensor information for facility operations.

关键词： building information models (BIM) sensors facility operations and management construction management situational awareness

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我国智能建造关键领域技术发展的战略思考

陈珂,丁烈云

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第4期页码 64-70 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.04.007

摘要：

智能建造作为新一代信息技术和工程建造的有机融合，是实现我国建筑业高质量发展的重要依托。本文阐述了智能建造的基本概念与重要性，归纳了面向全产业链一体化的工程软件、面向智能工地的工程物联网、面向人机共融的智能化工程机械、面向智能决策的工程大数据等四类关键领域技术；通过问卷调研与专家访谈，分析了我国智能建造关键领域技术在市场环境、企业部署、核心资源储备等方面的现状和短板。在此基础上，明确了关键领域技术的发展目标，提出了建立健全标准体系、推动“产学研用”协同、加大知识产权保护、开展典型工程试点示范等重点任务，继而从管理机构、企业、高校等多个主体的角度形成对策建议。

关键词：智能建造，工程软件，工程物联网，工程机械，工程大数据

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Named entity recognition for Chinese construction documents based on conditional random field

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 237-249 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0179-8

摘要： Named entity recognition (NER) is essential in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as information extraction and document classification. A construction document usually contains critical named entities, and an effective NER method can provide a solid foundation for downstream applications to improve construction management efficiency. This study presents a NER method for Chinese construction documents based on conditional random field (CRF), including a corpus design pipeline and a CRF model. The corpus design pipeline identifies typical NER tasks in construction management, enables word-based tokenization, and controls the annotation consistency with a newly designed annotating specification. The CRF model engineers nine transformation features and seven classes of state features, covering the impacts of word position, part-of-speech (POS), and word/character states within the context. The F1-measure on a labeled construction data set is 87.9%. Furthermore, as more domain knowledge features are infused, the marginal performance improvement of including POS information will decrease, leading to a promising research direction of POS customization to improve NLP performance with limited data.

关键词： NER NLP Chinese language construction document

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Socialized care services for the aged population: System construction and support measures

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 339-353 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0208-2

摘要： Given the aging society, an increase in social demand, information- and communication technology-driven culture, and government policy support emerges to enable the development of the socialized care services system for the aged (SCSSA). The development of the SCSSA would be a significant step toward addressing China’s aging population. However, the construction of the SCSSA challenges the theories and methods of traditional elderly care service system construction. Specifically, the implementation path for such elderly care service policies is unclear, the necessary technological support is insufficient, and the mechanism for integrating intelligent information technology remains underexplored. Thus, this paper focuses on the needs of the elderly, grounded in the context of the changing elderly care service policies in China, and proposes a research paradigm that integrates system construction and support measure embedding. We then construct the original SCSSA, which includes “material + spirit + medical treatment + healthcare” and propose a method of optimization and iteration. Finally, we build the research framework of systematic support measures from the perspectives of policy reconstruction, institutional embeddedness, and technical support. Our work provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the construction and dynamic optimization of the SCSSA, thus making a significant contribution that will help China effectively cope with its aging society.

关键词： socialized care service for the elderly system construction support measure